Fig. 1From: The incidence and severity of open gingival embrasures in adults treated with clear aligners and fixed appliances: a retrospective cohort studyMeasurement of central incisor rotation and overlap in the maxilla and mandible before treatment. The side length of each small square is 1 mm. A R_RUI indicates rotation of right upper incisor. R_LUI indicates rotation of left upper incisor. B Tr_UI indicates transverse overlap of upper incisors. AP_UI indicates antero-posterior overlap of upper incisors. P1 and P2 indicate mesial points of maxillary central incisor edges. C R_RLI indicates rotation of right lower incisor. R_LLI indicates rotation of left lower incisor. D Tr_LI indicates transverse overlap of lower incisors. AP_LI indicates antero-posterior overlap of lower incisors. P3 and P4 indicate mesial points of mandibular central incisor edgesBack to article page