New insights in the reproducibility of visual and electronic tooth color assessment for dental practice

Head & Face Medicine

Table 1 Agreement of repeated measurements for four methods in terms of ΔE and ΔE₀₀ related to a single tooth

	Visual 2D	Visual 3D	Electronical 2D	Electronical 3D
	Value	Value	Value	Value
Paired observations, number	840^a	840 ^a	839 ^b	840^b
Mean ΔE (standard deviation)	1.12 (1.95)	1.99 (1.95)	0.97 (1.41)	1.55 (2.11)
Agreement within ΔE < 2.7, proportion (95% CI)	80.1 (77.3–82.8)^,*	59.4 (56.0–62.7)^,*	90.9 (88.8–92.8)^***,†	71.7 (68.5–74.7)^**
Agreement within ΔE < 3.7, proportion (95% CI)	84.6 (82.0–87.0)^***	77.9 (74.9–80.6)^,*	92.8 (90.9–94.5)^***,†	83.3 (80.6–85.8)^***
Mean ΔE₀₀ (standard deviation)	0.92 (1.60)	1.59 (1.58)	0.80 (1.19)	1.27 (1.74)
Agreement within ΔE₀₀ < 2.7, proportion (95% CI)	84.2 (81.5–86.6)^***	69.5 (66.3–72.6)^**	92.1 (90.1–93.9)^***,†	77.4 (74.4–80.2)^,*
Agreement within ΔE₀₀ < 3.7, proportion (95% CI)	91.9 (89.8–93.7)^***,†	88.1 (85.7–90.2)^***	96.3 (94.8–97.5)^†	86.4 (83.9–88.7)^***

^a V1 versus V2, V3 versus V4, V5 versus V6 acc. to the flow chart
^b E1 versus E2, E3 versus E4, E5 versus E6 acc. to the flow chart
Classifications for the interpretation of agreement
^* fair [40–60); ^** good [60–80); ^*** very good [80–92); ^† excellent [92–100]

ISSN: 1746-160X