Table 2 Summary of Selected Studies Employing NMES in the Treatment of TMDs
Ref | Study Design | Participants (SS; Age; Gender) | Intervention Type | Outcome Measure | Therapy Duration |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[52] | Descriptive | 35; TMD patients (23.04 ± 3.5) and NSS patients (23.3 ± 3.0); all Female. | TENS TMD (19 subjects) vs. Control (16 subjects). | EMG VAS | Applied once to each group for 45 min. |
[53] | Descriptive | 24; average age of 36.5 yrs.; 15/9. | Occlusal splint vs. TENS A resting period of a month and a half between the two treatments– the order of the treatments being randomized for each patient. | PRI Self-reported pain and / or tenderness score | Patients wore the splint 24 h a day, except during meals, for a period of 45 days. TENS session lasted 45–60 min, 15 sessions (one every 2 days). |
[56] | Descriptive | 40; TMD: aged 17–60 yrs. (mean age of 28 yrs) and NSS aged 22–31 yrs. (mean age of 25 yrs); TMD 4/21 and NSS 2/13. | Masticatory function description. TMD (25 subjects) vs. Control (15 subjects). | EMG | – |
[57] | Descriptive | 52; aged 18–60 yrs.; paired by age and gender. | Masticatory function description. TMD (27 subjects) vs. Control (25 subjects). | EMG CE of habitual chewing Analysis of ME | – |
[59] | Descriptive | 135; 18–57 yrs.; both groups in a proportional relation with regard to age and gender. | Speech pattern description. TMD (90 subjects) vs. Control (45 subjects). | EMG | – |