Fig. 4

Distraction accuracy validation. a An experiment model is fully distracted by the activated device, driving the distal segment away from the proximal segment after a mandibular osteotomy. b The superimposition of mandibular models in simulation (red and coral) and post-experimental CT scanning (gray) based on the registration of their proximal parts of rami. The reference point discrepancies between the models of simulation and actual experiment were measured to evaluate distraction accuracy