Table 2 Characteristic of included studies Prevalence of permanent dental caries
Author, year, Reference | Age (years) | Country | Sample size | Prevalence % | Quality |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aghighi, 2010, [89] | 6–15 | Iran | 4666 | 66.3 | High |
Mortazavi, 1997, [90] | 6–9 | Iran | 220 | 65.5 | High |
Asdagh, 2015, [91] | 6–12 | Iran | 847 | 79.7 | Medium |
Memar, 1999, [92] | 12 | Iran | 439 | 84.3 | High |
Javadi nejad, 2006, [93] | 12 | Iran | 340 | 82.1 | High |
Sadeghi, 2007, [94] | 12 | Iran | 563 | 68.6 | High |
Yousofi, 2015, [95] | 7–12 | Iran | 460 | 89.8 | High |
Eskandarizadeh, 2015, [96] | 6–12 | Iran | 15,369 | 79.5 | High |
Mossaheb, 2011, [97] | 6–11 | Iran | 203 | 82.3 | High |
Qin, 2019, [98] | 10–12 | China | 5057 | 39.2 | High |
Alshehhi, 2019, [99] | 8.1 | United Arab Emirates | 62 | 58.1 | High |
Cheng, 2019, [100] | 10.3 | China | 1,196,004 | 41.1 | High |
Villanueva-Gutiérrez, 2019, [101] | 9 | Spain | 686 | 35.4 | High |
Lešić, 2019, [102] | 6–15 | Croatia | 1589 | 50.0 | High |
Mohd Nor, 2019, [103] | 12 | Malaysia | 595 | 74.3 | High |
Vanvitelli, 2019, [104] | 8–10 | Italy | 530 | 29.1 | Medium |
Obregón-Rodríguez-1, 2019, [105] | 12 | Spain | 1045 | 25.5 | High |
Obregón-Rodríguez-2, 2019, [105] | 15 | Spain | 783 | 26.2 | High |
Mimoza, 2019, [106] | 7–10 | Italy | 398 | 28.4 | Medium |
Abbass, 2019, [66] | 6–12 | Egypt | 369 | 27.9 | High |
Aldossary, 2018, [107] | 6–9 | Saudi Arabia | 1844 | 95.0 | High |
Goenka, 2018, [67] | 8–10 | India | 353 | 56.7 | High |
Ballouk, 2019, [108] | 8–12 | Syria | 1500 | 79.1 | High |
Alhabdan, 2018, [109] | 6–8 | Saudi Arabia | 578 | 82.9 | High |
Konde, 2018, [110] | 12 | India | 1000 | 13.6 | High |
Solis-Riggioni, 2018, [111] | 8–15 | Costa Rica | 201 | 35.8 | High |
Musa, 2018, [112] | 7–11 | China | 24,521 | 32.4 | High |
Dutra, 2018, [113] | 8–12 | Brazil | 1211 | 32.4 | High |
Al-Akwa, 2018, [114] | 6–12 | Yemen | 17,599 | 67.6 | Medium |
Cruz, 2018, [115] | 11–12 | Brazil | 184 | 34.2 | High |
Andegiorgish, 2017, [116] | 12 | Eritrea | 225 | 77.8 | High |
Alwayli, 2017, [117] | 6–9 | Saudi Arabia | 17,891 | 64.6 | High |
Dobbiani-1, 2012, [118] | 10 | Italy | 400 | 44.0 | Medium |
Dobbiani-2, 2013, [118] | 10 | Italy | 400 | 18.5 | Medium |
Maran, 2017, [119] | 6–12 | India | 1204 | 73.2 | High |
Shah, 2017, [77] | 12–15 | India | 829 | 31.4 | High |
Kim, 2017, [120] | 6–11 | Korea | 514 | 49.4 | High |
Sköld, 2016, [121] | 13 | Sweden | 758 | 2.6 | High |
Plaka, 2017, [122] | 12–15 | India | 193 | 36.3 | High |
Hiremath, 2016, [123] | 6–11 | India | 13,200 | 78.9 | High |
Kottayi, 2016, [124] | 12–15 | India | 2000 | 3.9 | Medium |
Ponnudurai, 2016, [125] | 6–14 | India | 2796 | 68.8 | High |
Djossou, 2013, [126] | 6–15 | Benin | 497 | 49.7 | High |
Weusmann, 2015, [127] | 8 | Germany | 25,020 | 60.9 | High |
Goel-1, 2015, [128] | 12 | India | 992 | 34.3 | Medium |
Goel-2, 2015, [128] | 15 | India | 992 | 46.5 | High |
Farooqi, 2014, [129] | 6–9 | Saudi Arabia | 711 | 73.0 | High |
Arora, 2014, [130] | 12 | India | 100 | 57.0 | High |
Sukhabogi-1, 2014, [131] | 12 | India | 924 | 39.9 | Medium |
Sukhabogi-2, 2014, [131] | 15- | India | 951 | 46.7 | Medium |
Al-Darwish, 2014, [132] | 12–14 | Qatar | 2113 | 85.0 | High |
Aidara, 2014, [133] | 12–15 | Senegal | 677 | 96.0 | High |
Ingle, 2014, [134] | 12–15 | India | 1400 | 53.0 | Medium |
Sofola, 2000, [135] | 6–12 | Nigeria | 513 | 16.6 | High |
Das, 2013, [136] | 6–14 | West Bengal | 1764 | 28.1 | High |
Mahfouz-1, 2013, [137] | 12 | Palestine | 677 | 40.6 | High |
Mahfouz-2, 2013, [137] | 13 | Palestine | 677 | 41.8 | High |
Mahfouz-3, 2013, [137] | 14 | Palestine | 677 | 60.4 | High |
Riziwaguli, 2013, [138] | 7–9 | China | 1600 | 26.5 | Medium |
Joshi, 2013, [139] | 6–12 | India | 1600 | 69.1 | Medium |
Pieper, 2009, [140] | 12 | Germany | 30,943 | 72.7 | High |
Yengopal, 2012, [141] | 10.5 | Africa | 882 | 27.6 | High |
Murthy, 2014, [142] | 12–15 | India | 1452 | 57.9 | High |
Koposova, 2013, [143] | 12 | Russia | 590 | 68.0 | High |
Dixit, 2013, [144] | 12–13 | Nepal | 361 | 41.0 | Medium |
Suprabha, 2013, [145] | 11–13 | India | 857 | 59.4 | High |
Panagidis, 2012, [146] | 12 | Germany | 951 | 32.6 | High |
Shailee-1, 2012, [147] | 12 | India | 1011 | 32.6 | Medium |
Shailee-2, 2012, [147] | 15 | India | 1011 | 42.2 | High |
Lagana, 2012, [148] | 7–15 | Albanian | 2617 | 88.9 | Medium |
Subedi, 2011, [148] | 12–13 | Nepal | 325 | 53.2 | Medium |
Shekar, 2011, [149] | 12–15 | India | 474 | 56.3 | High |
Oulis-1, 2010, [150] | 12 | Greece | 1224 | 80.0 | High |
Oulis-2, 2010, [150] | 15 | Greece | 1257 | 83.0 | High |
Jamelli, 2010, [151] | 12 | Brazil | 689 | 71.8 | High |
Kanagaratnam, 2009, [152] | 9 | New Zealand | 612 | 54.9 | High |
Bissar, 2008, [153] | 11–14 | Germany | 570 | 42.3 | High |
Ferro, 2007, [154] | 12 | Italy | 260 | 56.9 | High |
Moreira, 2006, [155] | 12–15 | Brazil | 1665 | 50.9 | High |
Schulte, 2004, [156] | 12 | Germany | 43,950 | 39.3 | High |
Paredes, 2005, [157] | 6–10 | Spain | 600 | 47.2 | High |
Mestriner, 2005, [158] | 12 | Brazil | 256 | 53.9 | High |
Traebert, 2002, [159] | 12 | Brazil | 803 | 62.1 | High |