Three-dimensional evaluation of bracket placement accuracy and excess bonding adhesive depending on indirect bonding technique and bracket geometry: an in-vitro study

Table 2 Mean differences in bracket position between working and transfer models depending on bracket geometry

	Bracket	N	Maximum deviation (mm)				Maximum angular deviation (°)				Excess adhesive (mm²)
	Bracket	N	Mean	SD	Min	Max	Mean	SD	Min	Max	Mean	SD	Min	Max
PVS-VF	With Hook	118	1.08	0.50	0.31	2.38	0.68	0.53	0.01	2.07	3.27	1.91	0.00	7.67
	Without Hook	157	0.86	0.36	0.16	1.74	0.64	0.48	0.02	1.86	3.42	1.63	0.13	6.79
PVS putty	With Hook	118	0.73	0.51	0.21	2.24	0.69	0.52	0.02	2.31	6.54	5.31	0.24	22.55
	Without Hook	158	0.58	0.28	0.22	1.43	0.76	0.53	0.01	2.04	3.71	2.26	0.33	10.03
Double-PVS	With Hook	118	0.65	0.45	0.17	1.79	0.66	0.51	0.01	2.05	4.83	3.56	0.00	15.06
	Without Hook	160	0.59	0.33	0.12	1.58	0.92	0.76	0.01	3.05	4.35	2.76	0.00	11.13

ISSN: 1746-160X