shear bond strength mean ± SD (Mpa) | etching time (s) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
substrate | HF concentration | cement | 0 | 5 | 15 | 30 | 60 |
VM | 5% | PV5 | 6.9 ± 1.2A | 7.0 ± 1.4A | 7.6 ± 1.0A | 8.3 ± 2.1A | 7.2 ± 0.9A |
VAF | 3.1 ± 0.4A | 7.2 ± 1.0B,C | 7.5 ± 1.5B,C | 8.0 ± 1.6B | 6.0 ± 1.3C | ||
RUN | 4.7 ± 0.9A | 8.4 ± 1.1B | 9.1 ± 1.9B | 8.0 ± 1.4B | 8.9 ± 1.0B | ||
VAS | 3.2 ± 0.6A | 5.2 ± 1.0B | 4.0 ± 0.6A | 3.9 ± 0.7A | 3.8 ± 0.7A | ||
9% | PV5 | 6.9 ± 1.2A | 7.3 ± 1.5A | 7.8 ± 0.9A | 8.0 ± 1.0A | 7.1 ± 0.9A | |
VAF | 3.1 ± 0.4A | 7.1 ± 1.4B | 7.6 ± 1.5B,C | 8.6 ± 1.6C | 7.9 ± 1.5B,C | ||
RUN | 4.7 ± 0.9A | 6.5 ± 0.6B | 7.5 ± 0.6B,C | 6.6 ± 1.2B | 7.7 ± 1.5C | ||
VAS | 3.2 ± 0.6A,B | 3.4 ± 0.5A,B | 3.5 ± 0.6A,B | 3.9 ± 0.8A | 2.9 ± 0.7B | ||
VE | 5% | PV5 | 5.2 ± 0.8A | 7.2 ± 1.1B | 7.7 ± 1.3B | 7.5 ± 1.2B | 8.0 ± 1.2B |
VAF | 4.1 ± 0.9A | 6.8 ± 0.9B | 9.0 ± 2.5C | 9.1 ± 1.9C | 8.1 ± 1.3B,C | ||
RUN | 4.9 ± 0.7A | 8.1 ± 0.7B | 8.9 ± 0.6C | 8.2 ± 0.9B,C | 7.7 ± 0.8B | ||
VAS | 2.3 ± 0.5A | 4.4 ± 0.9B | 3.6 ± 0.7C | 3.7 ± 0.7B,C | 4.1 ± 0.9B,C | ||
9% | PV5 | 5.2 ± 0.8A | 7.1 ± 0.8B | 7.4 ± 1.1B | 7.3 ± 1.1B | 7.5 ± 1.6B | |
VAF | 4.1 ± 0.9A | 7.2 ± 1.6B | 8.2 ± 1.5B | 7.9 ± 1.4B | 7.6 ± 1.1B | ||
RUN | 4.9 ± 0.7A | 6.5 ± 0.8B | 7.7 ± 0.8C | 7.5 ± 0.9C | 7.4 ± 1.0C | ||
VAS | 2.3 ± 0.5A | 3.4 ± 0.7B | 3.8 ± 0.6B,C | 4.2 ± 0.8C | 4.0 ± 0.7B,C | ||
EC | 5% | PV5 | 1.8 ± 1.1A | 6.1 ± 1.1B | 6.1 ± 0.9B | 8.1 ± 1.0C | 8.6 ± 1.7C |
VAF | 2.1 ± 1.5A | 7.2 ± 1.2B | 7.4 ± 0.9B | 7.3 ± 0.7B | 7.8 ± 1.7B | ||
RUN | 5.9 ± 2.2A | 8.3 ± 1.9B | 8.5 ± 1.5B,C | 8.1 ± 1.5B | 10.1 ± 0.8C | ||
VAS | 3.7 ± 1.2A | 5.2 ± 0.9B | 5.0 ± 1.1B | 4.9 ± 0.8B | 4.9 ± 1.3B | ||
9% | PV5 | 1.8 ± 1.1A | 4.9 ± 1.3B | 6.8 ± 1.2C | 9.5 ± 1.3D | 8.7 ± 1.3D | |
VAF | 2.1 ± 1.5A | 6.1 ± 1.4B | 7.2 ± 0.8B | 7.0 ± 1.3B | 7.2 ± 1.4B | ||
RUN | 5.9 ± 2.2A | 9.0 ± 2.2B | 8.1 ± 2.1B | 6.8 ± 1.0B | 9.0 ± 1.3B | ||
VAS | 3.7 ± 1.2A | 4.6 ± 0.6B | 5.1 ± 0.8B | 4.5 ± 0.5A,B | 4.4 ± 0.6A,B | ||
VS | 5% | PV5 | 2.9 ± 0.6A | 7.1 ± 1.4B | 6.6 ± 1.4B | 6.8 ± 1.4B | 7.6 ± 1.4B |
VAF | 1.2 ± 0.7A | 6.9 ± 1.5B | 8.1 ± 1.2B,C | 9.2 ± 1.8C | 7.7 ± 1.5B | ||
RUN | 4.3 ± 2.0A | 9.7 ± 0.8B | 9.3 ± 1.2B | 9.4 ± 0.6B | 9.8 ± 1.3B | ||
VAS | 4.4 ± 0.8A | 4.4 ± 1.0A | 5.2 ± 1.2A | 4.5 ± 0.8A | 4.6 ± 1.1A | ||
9% | PV5 | 2.9 ± 0.6A | 6.2 ± 1.6B | 6.2 ± 0.4B | 6.4 ± 1.2B | 7.1 ± 1.9B | |
VAF | 1.2 ± 0.7A | 7.5 ± 1.1B | 7.5 ± 1.4B | 8.1 ± 1.7B | 8.2 ± 1.6B | ||
RUN | 4.3 ± 2.0A | 8.6 ± 1.6B,C | 8.4 ± 1.1B,C | 7.8 ± 0.7B | 9.3 ± 1.7C | ||
VAS | 4.4 ± 0.8A | 5.0 ± 1.0A | 4.5 ± 1.1A | 5.1 ± 0.9A | 4.5 ± 0.9A |