Skip to main content

Table 2 Treatment effects in terms of the difference in change using linear multilevel models to account for 15 subjects and 120 teeth, and relative treatment effects of the change in terms of the odds ratio of the body segment referred to the gingival segment using ordinal multilevel models

From: Assessing the effect of multibracket appliance treatment on tooth color by using electronic measurement

  

Linear multilevel model (mixed model)

Ordinal multilevel model

Change within gingival segment (S1)

Change within body segment (S2)

Treatment effect (difference in change)

Relative treatment effect

Time points

(95% CI)

Change (95% CI)

Coefficient (95% CI)

P value

Odds ratio (95% CI)

P value

3D system

 Lightness

T0 – T1

0.09 (−0.10–0.28)

0.12 (− 0.07–0.31)

0.025 (− 0.11–0.16)

0.716

1.08 (0.62–1.90)

0.780

 Lightness

T1 – T2

0.04 (− 0.15–0.23)

0.02 (− 0.17–0.22)

− 0.017 (− 0.15–0.12)

0.807

0.95 (0.54–1.66)

0.860

 Lightness

T0 – T2

0.13 (0.02–0.25)

0.14 (0.02–0.26)

0.008 (− 0.11–0.12)

0.885

1.05 (0.57–1.94)

0.870

 Chroma

T0 – T1

0.03 (−0.05–0.11)

0.01 (− 0.07–0.09)

− 0.017 (− 0.09–0.06)

0.668

0.87 (0.51–1.49)

0.608

 Chroma

T1 – T2

0.07 (−0.01–0.15)

0.08 (0.004–0.16)

0.017 (− 0.06–0.09)

0.648

1.16 (0.68–1.98)

0.587

 Chroma

T0 – T2

0.10 (0.01–0.19)

0.10 (0.01–0.19)

0.000 (−0.7–0.07)

1.000

0.97 (0.56–1.69)

0.911

 L*

T0 – T1

0.34 (− 0.27–0.94)

0.40 (− 0.20–1.00)

0.066 (−0.41–0.54)

0.786

1.04 (0.65–1.66)

0.879

 L*

T1 – T2

0.03 (− 0.65–0.70)

−0.004 (− 0.68–0.67)

−0.033 (− 0.51–0.44)

0.889

0.83 (0.52–1.33)

0.436

 L*

T0 – T2

0.37 (− 0.001–0.73)

0.40 (0.03–0.77)

0.032 (−0.37–0.43)

0.873

0.92 (0.57–1.47)

0.726

 C*ab

T0 – T1

0.19 (− 0.43–0.81)

0.18 (− 0.44–0.80)

−0.008 (− 0.48–0.47)

0.972

1.06 (0.66–1.69)

0.809

 C*ab

T1 – T2

0.42 (− 0.13–0.96)

0.29 (− 0.26–0.83)

−0.129 (− 0.55–0.29)

0.543

0.85 (0.53–1.36)

0.498

 C*ab

T0 – T2

0.61 (0.19–1.03)

0.47 (0.05–0.89)

−0.138 (− 0.51–0.23)

0.464

0.78 (0.49–1.25)

0.302

 ΔE

T0 – T1

2.10 (1.50–2.69)

2.46 (1.86–3.05)

0.360 (− 0.16–0.89)

0.176

1.43 (0.88–2.33)

0.154

 ΔE

T1 – T2

2.15 (1.64–2.66)

2.35 (1.84–2.86)

0.197 (−0.33–0.72)

0.460

1.23 (0.77–1.97)

0.392

 ΔE

T0 – T2

1.80 (1.39–2.22)

1.86 (1.45–2.28)

0.062 (− 0.37–0.49)

0.777

1.11 (0.68–1.81)

0.688

 d(OM1)

T0 – T1

0.38 (− 0.46–1.22)

0.42 (−0.41–1.26)

0.043 (− 0.56–0.65)

0.889

1.01 (0.63–1.61)

0.979

 d(OM1)

T1 – T2

0.32 (− 0.48–1.12)

0.21 (−0.59–1.01)

−0.11 (− 0.66–0.44)

0.691

0.92 (0.58–1.47)

0.739

 d(OM1)

T0 – T2

0.70 (0.22–1.18)

0.63 (0.15–1.11)

−0.068 (− 0.55–0.41)

0.781

0.96 (0.60–1.54)

0.882

2D system

 L*

T0 – T1

0.31 (− 0.17–0.80)

0.30 (− 0.19–0.78)

−0.016 (− 0.35–0.32)

0.926

1.01 (0.63–1.60)

0.975

 L*

T1 – T2

0.06 (− 0.37–0.50)

0.05 (− 0.39–0.49)

−0.012 (− 0.31–0.29)

0.936

0.91 (0.57–1.46)

0.704

 L*

T0 – T2

0.38 (− 0.03–0.78)

0.33 (− 0.06–0.75)

−0.028 (− 0.31–0.26)

0.847

0.93 (0.58–1.48)

0.748

 C*ab

T0 – T1

0.23 (− 0.29–0.75)

0.17 (− 0.35–0.69)

−0.053 (− 0.36–0.26)

0.738

0.84 (0.53–1.33)

0.449

 C*ab

T1 – T2

0.20 (− 0.25–0.66)

0.17 (− 0.28–0.62)

−0.034 (− 0.31–0.24)

0.805

0.90 (0.56–1.44)

0.668

 C*ab

T0 – T2

0.43 (0.05–0.82)

0.34 (− 0.04–0.73)

−0.087 (− 0.33–0.15)

0.471

0.77 (0.49–1.23)

0.279

 ΔE

T0 – T1

1.63 (1.17–2.10)

1.74 (1.28–2.21)

0.111 (− 0.26–0.48)

0.552

1.33 (0.83–2.14)

0.239

 ΔE

T1 – T2

1.45 (1.03–1.87)

1.65 (1.22–2.07)

0.199 (−0.16–0.56)

0.271

1.32 (0.82–2.13)

0.260

 ΔE

T0 – T2

1.61 (1.24–1.97)

1.39 (1.03–1.76)

−0.214 (− 0.51–0.08)

0.155

0.80 (0.49–1.28)

0.346