Facial soft tissue changes after nonsurgical rapid maxillary expansion: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Huang, Jing; Li, Cui-Ying; Jiang, Jiu-Hui

doi:10.1186/s13005-018-0162-8

Head & Face Medicine

Table 3 Details of included articles

From: Facial soft tissue changes after nonsurgical rapid maxillary expansion: a systematic review and meta-analysis

No.	Author& Year	Design	Groups	Size	Males/Females	Average Age(year)	Appliance	Expansion duration	Retention duration	Measurement methods	Measurement time
1	Badreddine 2017 [30]	retro- spective	study	20	10/10	8.9 ± 2.16	hyrax expander	3 months	–	CT images	T0,T1
1	Badreddine 2017 [30]	retro- spective	control	10	5/5	9.2 ± 2.17	–	–	–	CT images	T0,T1
2	Altındis¸ 2016 [23]	RCT	banded RME	14	6/8	12.7 ± 0.6	Hyrax screw	–	3 months	3-D image	T0,T2
			bonded RME	14	7/7	12.4 ± 0.8
			Modified bonded RME	14	5/9	12.5 ± 0.8
3	Baysal 2016 [14]	RCT	treated	17	9/8	13.4 ± 1.2	bonded acrylic splint expander	–	6 months	poteroanterior cephalogram and 3-D image	T0,T2
3	Baysal 2016 [14]	RCT	untreated	17	9/8	12.8 ± 1.3	–	–	–	poteroanterior cephalogram and 3-D image	T0,T2
4	Torun 2016 [35]	retro- spective	prepubertal	14	10/18	13.91 ± 1.8	Hyrax screw	3–4 weeks	6 months	CBCT and 3-D image	T0,T2
4	Torun 2016 [35]	retro- spective	postpubertal	14	10/18	13.91 ± 1.8	Hyrax screw	3–4 weeks	6 months	CBCT and 3-D image	T0,T2
5	Halıcıoğlu 2016 [31]	RCT	memory-screw	17	9/8	13 ± 1.29	memory- screw	7.76 ± 1.04 days	6.42 ± 0.59 months	lateral cephalograms	T0,T1,T2
5	Halıcıoğlu 2016 [31]	RCT	Hyrax-screw	15	8/7	12.58 ± 1.5	Hyrax- screw	35.46 ± 9.39 days	6.17 ± 0.32 months	lateral cephalograms	T0,T1,T2
6	Uysal 2015 [36]	CCT	study	20	8/12	13.4 ± 0.99	acrylic bonded RME appliance	average 1.1 months	6 months	lateral and anteroposterior radiographs	T0,T1,T2
6	Uysal 2015 [36]	CCT	control	16	6/10	13.25 ± 1.19	–	–	–	lateral and anteroposterior radiographs	T0,T1,T2
7	Longo 2014 [34]	cohort	study	28	14/14	12 years 2 months ±3.1 years	banded Hyrax(24 subjects), banded Haas(3), bonded Hyrax(1)	–	–	direct measurement with caliper	T0,T1
8	Santariello 2014 [37]	CCT	study	61	35/26	10.5 ± 1.8	Hyrax type expander	3–4 weeks	nearly 6 months	direct measurement with caliper	T0,T1,T2
8	Santariello 2014 [37]	CCT	control	41	15/26	10.7 ± 2.2	–	–	–	direct measurement with caliper	T0,T1,T2
9	Pangrazio-Kulbersh 2012 [9]	RCT	banded maxillary expanders	13	7/6	12.6 ± 1.8	banded maxillary expanders	4–6 weeks	6 months	CBCT and 3-D image	T0,T2
9	Pangrazio-Kulbersh 2012 [9]	RCT	bonded maxillary expanders	10	5/5	13.5 ± 2.1	bonded maxillary expanders	4–6 weeks	6 months	CBCT and 3-D image	T0,T2
10	Santos 2012 [22]	cohort	study	20	10/10	9.3 years ± 10 months	modified acrylic Hyrax device	3–4 weeks	6 months	lateral cephalograms	T0,T1,T2
11	Johnson 2010 [10]	CCT	prepubertal	31	12/19	13.1	Hyrax- type expander	average 35 days	average 5.7 months	direct measurement with caliper	T0,T1,T2
11	Johnson 2010 [10]	CCT	postpubertal	48	17/31	13.1	Hyrax- type expander	average 35 days	average 5.7 months	direct measurement with caliper	T0,T1,T2
12	Kilic 2008 [15]	cohort	study	18	3/15	13.5 ± 1.07	rigid acrylic bonded appliance	–	5.95 ± 0.35 months	lateral cephalograms	T0,T1,T2
13	Karaman 2002 [38]	cohort	study	20	10/10	12.8	modified acrylic bonded appliance	5.2 weeks	–	lateral cephalograms	T0,T1
14^a	Altorkat 2016 [20]	cohort	study	14	7/7	12.6 ± 1.8	Hyrax screw	–	–	3D stereophoto-grammetry	T0,T1
15^a	Kim 2012 [24]	cohort	study	23	10/13	12.3 ± 2.6	fixed rapid maxillary expander	average 22.8 days	–	CBCT	T0,T1

^aArticles included in the systematic review but not in the meta-analysis. T0 = pre-expansion, T1 = postexpansion, T2 = postretention

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