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Table 2 Characteristics of included studies

From: Does low level laser therapy relieve the pain caused by the placement of the orthodontic separators? ----a meta-analysis

Study ID

Country

Design

Number (P/L)a

Average age

Separators

Celestino No´brega 2013

Brazil

RCT

60 (30/30)

17.5

3 M Unitek

Won Tae Kim 2012

Korea

RCT

58 (30/28)

21.52

Dentalastics Separators, Dentaurum,Ispringen, Germany,2.1 mm

Ladan Eslamian 2013

Iran

CCT (split mouth design)

37 (37/37)

24.97

Dentarum, Springen, Germany

Esper MA 2011

Brazil

RCT

38 (38/12)

23.4

Morelli, 4.0 mm, Ø 5/32"

Ida Marini 2013

Italy

RCT

80 (40/40)

23.0875

NRb

Zhang HY 2014

China

RCT

60 (30/30)

15.9

NR

  1. a:P = placebo group; L = LLLT group
  2. b:NR = not report