Ethnic group N | Upper Third | Middle third | Lower third | EFL | ICD | NB | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
tr-n | n-sn | sn-gn | en-ex | ex-ex | al-al | |||||||||
M | F | M | F | M | F | M | F | M | F | M | F | |||
Current Study | Saudi | M = 75 F = 93 | 64.7 (7.5) | 65.5 (6.9) | 54.1 (4.3) | 53.2 (4.1) | 65.0 (5.2) | 60.3 (4.6) | 32.9 (2.7) | 32.4 (3.4) | 30.3 (3.1) | 30.3 (2.4) | 36.6 (3.2) | 32.9 (3.3) |
Dharap et al. 2013 | Gulf Arabs | M = 51 F = 117 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 37.1 (3.4) | 33.2 (2.4) |
Algaidi et al. 2012 | Egyptian | M = 108 F = 88 | N/A | N/A | 54.7 (0.5) | 45.8 (0.2)* | 63.8 (0.6)* | 56.4 (0.6)* | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 39.8 (0.4)* | 32.8 (0.5) |
Bokhari 2011 | Saudi | M = 276 F = 392 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 30.8 (2.9)* | 29.5 (2.8)* | 32.7 (2.8)* | 31.3 (3.5)* | N/A | N/A |
Husein et al. 2010 | Indian American | F = 102 | N/A | 63.9 (7.4) | N/A | 58.1 (5.5)* | N/A | 57.8 (7.5)* | N/A | 30.6 (2.4)* | N/A | 31.2 (3.7)* | N/A | 35.6 (3.3)* |
Farkas et al. 2005 | Egyptian | M = 30 F = 30 | 63.6 (9.5) | 61.2 (6.0)* | 54.6 (5.6) | 47.4 (5.2)* | 64.1 (6.4) | 57.8 (4.5)* | 31.5 (1.8)* | 30.8 (1.8)* | 31.8 (2.1)* | 30.9 (2.3) | 32.4 (4.0)* | 29.3 (3.7)* |
Farkas et al. 2005 | Iranian | M = 30 F = 30 | 53.4 (8.2)* | 56.9 (8.3)* | 62.6 (3.2)* | 66.2 (4.4)* | 73.3 (4.3)* | 66.2 (4.4)* | 37.2 (3.5)* | 24.4 (3.3)* | 27.3 (2.7)* | 24.6 (3.5)* | 35.3 (3.0) | 32.1 (2.5) |
Farkas et al. 2005 | Turkish | M = 30 F = 30 | 61.9 (6.1) | 60.7 (7.0)* | 58.1 (3.5)* | 55.2 (4.0)* | 65.9 (4.2) | 59.1 (3.8) | 30.6 (1.2)* | 29.8 (1.6)* | 32.8 (2.6)* | 31.7 (2.2)* | 36.8 (2.3) | 32.9 (2.1) |
Farkas 2005 | North American white | M = 109 F = 200 | 67.1 (7.5)* | 63.0 (6.0)* | 54.8 (3.3) | 50.6 (3.1)* | 72.6 (4.5)* | 64.3 (4.0)* | 31.3 (1.2)* | 30.7 (1.2)* | 33.3 (2.7)* | 31.8 (2.3)* | 34.9 (2.1)* | 31.4 (2.0)* |
Farkas et al. 2005 | Chinese | M = 30 F = 30 | 67.1 (6.9) | 64.1 (7.5) | 53.5 (2.8) | 51.7 (3.3) | 72.7 (5.2)* | 66.4 (5.6)* | 29.4 (1.2)* | 28.5 (1.8)* | 37.9 (3.3)* | 36.5 (3.2)* | 39.2 (2.9)* | 37.2 (2.1)* |
Farkas et al. 2007 | African American | M = 50 F = 50 | 72.0 (7.8)* | 67.1 (5.9) | 51.8 (3.1)* | 48.8 (3.7)* | 78.7 (7.3)* | 71.5 (5.2)* | 32.9 (1.7) | 32.4 (2.4) | 35.8 (2.9)* | 34.4 (3.4)* | 44.1 (3.4)* | 40.1 (3.2)* |