Table 3 Genomic substance
Genome | Functions | Type of abnormality | Reported rate in the saliva |
|---|---|---|---|
Mitochondrial DNA | Â | mutations | 67% |
p53 gene: Tumor-suppressor genes | Cell-cycle regulation Senescence, cell-cycle progression | mutations | 71% |
p16* : Tumor-suppressor genes | Cell-cycle regulation Senescence, cell-cycle progression | Hypermethylation | 47% |
DAP-K* | kinase whose expression is required for IFN-γ-induced apoptosis | Hypermethylation | 33% |
MGMT* | Â | Hypermethylation | 23% |
CDKN2A | Control of cell cycle, arrest cell cycle at G1& G2act like a Tumor-suppressor genes | Hypermethylation | 30.2% |
CDH1 | Encodes Ca++ dependent cell to cell adhesions | Hypermethylation | - |
c-MYCIN: Proto-oncogenes | Cell growth, apoptosis | amplification | 20-40% |
Cyclin D oncogenes: Proto-oncogenes | Cell-cycle regulation | amplification | 87% |