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Figure 5 | Head & Face Medicine

Figure 5

From: Unilateral congenital elongation of the cervical part of the internal carotid artery with kinking and looping: two case reports and review of the literature

Figure 5

Medial view of looping* of the cervical part of the right internal carotid artery (ICA) on sagittal cross section of the head and neck (upright position). The medial parts of the first and second cervical vertebrae, basilar part of occipital bone, body of sphenoid bone and apical part of the pyramid of the temporal bone have been removed on right side to expose the entire course of the ICA. 1 – optic nerve; 2 – cerebral part of ICA; 3 – cavernous part of ICA; 4 – part of ICA overlying foramen lacerum; 5 – petrous part of ICA; 6 – cervical part of ICA; 7 – external carotid artery; 8 – common carotid artery; 9 – vagus; 10 – internal jugular vein; 11 – superior cervical sympathetic ganglion (shifted medially and backward, overlying spinal cord); 12 – lateral border of foramen magnum; 13 – cervical part of spinal cord; 14 – superior laryngeal nerve; 15 – root of tongue (lingual tonsil); 16 – soft palate; 17 – pharyngeal opening of auditory tube; 18 – torus tubarius; 19 – lateral wall of nasopharynx; 20 – mucosal lining of right wall of sphenoidal sinus; B – bifurcation of common carotid artery; CS – carotid sinus; INC – posterior end of inferior nasal concha; MNC – posterior end of middle nasal concha; O – occipital bone (cut surface); P – petrous part of temporal bone (cut surface); C1, C2, C3, C4, C5 – cervical vertebrae

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