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Figure 2 | Head & Face Medicine

Figure 2

From: Unilateral congenital elongation of the cervical part of the internal carotid artery with kinking and looping: two case reports and review of the literature

Figure 2

Posterior view of sharp kinking* "extracranial siphon" of the highest portion of the cervical part of the left internal carotid artery (ICA) on coronal cross section (horizontal position). 1 – cervical part of ICA; 2 – petrous part of ICA; 3 – cerebral part of ICA; 4 – external carotid artery; 5 – superior thyroid artery; 6 – ascending pharyngeal artery; 7 – occipital artery; 8 – pharyngeal venous plexus; 9 – accessory nerve (elevated); 10 – vagus nerve (shifted to the left and upward); 11 – superior cervical sympathetic ganglion (shifted to the left and upward); 12 – connection between superior cervical sympathetic ganglion and vagal ganglion; 13 – superior pharyngeal constrictor; 14 – pharyngo-basilar fascia; 15 – lateral wall of pharyngeal recess; 16 – posterior pharyngeal raphe; 17 – basilar part of occipital bone; LCCA – left common carotid artery; CS – carotid sinus; LIJV – left internal jugular vein; S – stylopharyngeus; SM – sternocleidomastoid; Black Arrowheads – hypoglossal nerve; White Arrowheads – glossopharyngeal nerve

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