From: Cephalometric norms for the upper airway of 12-year-old Chinese children
Variables | Boys | Girls | Gender difference | P value | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Range | 95% CI | Range | 95% CI | |||||||||||||||
Mean | SD | Median | Min | Max | Lower | Upper | Mean | SD | Median | Min | Max | Lower | Upper | |||||
Soft palate | ||||||||||||||||||
PM-U | Length of the soft palate | 29.6 | 3.4 | 29.9 | 21.0 | 38.0 | 29.2 | 30.1 | 29.3 | 3.4 | 29.1 | 22.0 | 45.3 | 28.9 | 29.8 | 0.3 | 0.271 | |
SPT | Soft palate thickness | 8.3 | 1.2 | 8.3 | 4.1 | 11.9 | 8.2 | 8.5 | 8.0 | 1.4 | 7.9 | 2.8 | 12.7 | 7.8 | 8.2 | 0.3 | 0.008 | ** |
NL/PM-U | Inclination of the long axis of the soft palate relative to the nasal line | 125.9 | 6.1 | 125.5 | 109.1 | 144.2 | 125.1 | 126.7 | 126.9 | 5.4 | 127.1 | 112.9 | 144.8 | 126.2 | 127.7 | -1.0 | 0.058 | |
Depth of upper airway | ||||||||||||||||||
PM-UPW | Depth of the nasopharyngeal airway space | 21.0 | 3.5 | 21.2 | 4.7 | 28.4 | 20.5 | 21.4 | 20.9 | 3.5 | 20.9 | 11.1 | 28.4 | 20.4 | 21.4 | 0.1 | 0.553 | |
U-MPW | Depth of the retropalatal pharyngeal airway space | 8.7 | 2.2 | 8.6 | 3.4 | 14.8 | 8.4 | 9.0 | 9.2 | 2.4 | 9.2 | 3.5 | 16.0 | 8.9 | 9.6 | -0.6 | 0.011 | * |
V-LPW | Depth of the hypopharyngeal airway space | 13.4 | 3.0 | 13.9 | 5.0 | 19.9 | 13.0 | 13.8 | 14.5 | 3.1 | 14.7 | 5.2 | 23.2 | 14.1 | 15.0 | -1.1 | <0.001 | *** |
PASmin | Depth of the retroglossal pharyngeal airway space | 8.4 | 2.5 | 8.4 | 2.3 | 14.3 | 8.1 | 8.8 | 9.0 | 2.7 | 8.8 | 2.8 | 16.5 | 8.7 | 9.4 | -0.6 | 0.034 | * |
Position of the hyoid bone | ||||||||||||||||||
AH-FH | Positon of the hyoid bone in the vertical plance | 75.2 | 5.9 | 75.2 | 60.8 | 95.3 | 74.3 | 75.9 | 74.1 | 6.0 | 73.9 | 58.9 | 99.1 | 73.2 | 74.9 | 1.1 | 0.04 | |
AH-CV | Positon of the hyoid bone in the horizontal plance | 30.1 | 3.4 | 30.1 | 21.1 | 37.9 | 29.6 | 30.5 | 30.2 | 3.0 | 30.4 | 22.9 | 41.1 | 29.8 | 30.7 | -0.2 | 0.775 |