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Table 4 Cephalometric norms of upper airway in Chinese subjects and gender differences

From: Cephalometric norms for the upper airway of 12-year-old Chinese children

Variables

 

Boys

Girls

Gender difference

P value

 
    

Range

95% CI

   

Range

95% CI

 
 

Mean

SD

Median

Min

Max

Lower

Upper

Mean

SD

Median

Min

Max

Lower

Upper

 

Soft palate

                 

PM-U

Length of the soft palate

29.6

3.4

29.9

21.0

38.0

29.2

30.1

29.3

3.4

29.1

22.0

45.3

28.9

29.8

0.3

0.271

 

SPT

Soft palate thickness

8.3

1.2

8.3

4.1

11.9

8.2

8.5

8.0

1.4

7.9

2.8

12.7

7.8

8.2

0.3

0.008

**

NL/PM-U

Inclination of the long axis of the soft palate relative to the nasal line

125.9

6.1

125.5

109.1

144.2

125.1

126.7

126.9

5.4

127.1

112.9

144.8

126.2

127.7

-1.0

0.058

 

Depth of upper airway

                 

PM-UPW

Depth of the nasopharyngeal airway space

21.0

3.5

21.2

4.7

28.4

20.5

21.4

20.9

3.5

20.9

11.1

28.4

20.4

21.4

0.1

0.553

 

U-MPW

Depth of the retropalatal pharyngeal airway space

8.7

2.2

8.6

3.4

14.8

8.4

9.0

9.2

2.4

9.2

3.5

16.0

8.9

9.6

-0.6

0.011

*

V-LPW

Depth of the hypopharyngeal airway space

13.4

3.0

13.9

5.0

19.9

13.0

13.8

14.5

3.1

14.7

5.2

23.2

14.1

15.0

-1.1

<0.001

***

PASmin

Depth of the retroglossal pharyngeal airway space

8.4

2.5

8.4

2.3

14.3

8.1

8.8

9.0

2.7

8.8

2.8

16.5

8.7

9.4

-0.6

0.034

*

Position of the hyoid bone

                 

AH-FH

Positon of the hyoid bone in the vertical plance

75.2

5.9

75.2

60.8

95.3

74.3

75.9

74.1

6.0

73.9

58.9

99.1

73.2

74.9

1.1

0.04

 

AH-CV

Positon of the hyoid bone in the horizontal plance

30.1

3.4

30.1

21.1

37.9

29.6

30.5

30.2

3.0

30.4

22.9

41.1

29.8

30.7

-0.2

0.775

 
  1. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.