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Table 1 Comparison of peri-implant mucosa with physiological periodontium[3, 5]

From: Definition, etiology, prevention and treatment of peri-implantitis – a review

Peri-implant mucosa

Physiological periodontium

Desmosomes and hemidesmosomes of epithelium and junctional epithelium (biological width) are linked with the contact surface

Direct bone-to-implant contact

Anchoring system of root cementum, alveolar bone and desmodontic fibers

Subepithelially more collagen fibers and less fibroblasts/vessels

Subepithelially more fibroblasts and vessels

Parallel collagen fibers in relation to implant surface

Dentogingival, dentoperiostal, circular and transseptal fiber orientation